Tranexamic Acid - A synthetic derivative of the amino acid L-Lysine, that has shown promise in reducing unwanted pigmentation via tyrosinase inhibition and reduction in Prostaglandin E2 production. It also acts as a UV induced pigment inhibitor. Tranexamic acid works especially well when used in combination with other brightening agents like niacinamide and vitamin C. You can also use it in combination with retinoids; it can actually maximize the skin-enhancing benefits of these vitamin A derivatives, including helping fade sunspots and age spots.