A-Z

Azelaic acid has a ton of benefits for the skin, including helping with hyperpigmentation and reducing inflammation. Because it's anti-inflammatory, it can be helpful in treating acne and rosacea. It also inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in the production of pigment cells and melanin, meaning it can prevent buildup of pigmentation that leads to dark spots. Azelaic acid is applied to your skin and is available in gel, foam, and cream form. Azelex and Finacea are two brand names for prescription topical preparations. They contain 15 percent or more of azelaic acid. Some over-the-counter products contain smaller amounts. Because it takes...

Arnica is derived from plants and has the potential to stimulate the flow of white blood cells and improve blood flow in the joints, muscles, and bruised tissue. It can help calm inflammation and in recent years has been used for more cosmetic purposes like decreasing puffiness around the face. You'll often find it as an active ingredient in eye creams.

Acetyl Tetrapeptide-3 is a promising ingredient in the fight against hair loss.  Acetyl Tetrapeptide-3 is a biomimetic peptide made up of 4 main amino acids that help to stimulate the dermal papilla extracellular matrix proteins which in turn has a direct effect on the structures surrounding hair follicles. According to the manufacturer’s lab studies, the expression of type III collagen increased by 65% and the expression of laminins (anchoring proteins found in the ECM) was up a massive 285%, resulting in a stronger ECM bed for hair anchoring.

An amino acid sugar that aids in wound healing, minimizes wrinkles and helps inhibit melanin production. Combined with skincare superstar niacinamide the duo is synergistic and is more effective at improving hyperpigmentation, so if you are after the skin-lightening benefit look out for products that contain both.