Retinyl Palmitate — a skin conditioner. This retinoid is considered a milder version of retinoic acid, given its conversion properties. Once on the skin, it converts to retinol, which in turn converts to retinoic acid. Physiologically, it is credited with increasing epidermal thickness, stimulati...
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Want to know more about the details in the chemistry of skin care?
Here you can look up any topic - sorted alphabetically - and read more about what each ingredient includes and does for your skin.
Retinoids — refers to a family of ingredients derived from vitamin A, including retinol, retinyl esters, and retinyl palmitate. Retinoids play an important role in repairing damaged and photodamaged skin. Retinoid treatment can result in the regeneration of the dermal collagen tissue by inhibitin...
Retinol — (See Vitamin A) A retinoid considered to be a skin revitalizer. It is reported to enhance skin radiance and treat conditions associated with chronological aging, such as wrinkles and fine lines, as well as dermatological disorders, including acne, follicular and lesion papules, actinic ...
Retinoic acid (tretinoin) — (See Active Ingredients, see Vitamin A) A vitamin A derivative that is prescription strength. At the end of the day, it’s only RA (retinoic acid) that modulates gene expression and influences cellular processes in both the epidermis and the dermis, and the path to get ...
Retinaldehyde — a mild retinoid credited with increasing epidermal thickness without producing erythema.
Silk Amino Acids contain 3 of the smallest amino acids (alanine, glycine and serine) and have a chemical composition that is very close to that of human skin and hair making them a wonderful source of nourishment and maintenance. Silk Amino Acids are highly hygroscopic and have excellent moistur...
Chemically speaking, mucopolysaccharide is packed with nutrients including hyaluronic acid, glycoprotein enzymes, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, antimicrobial and copper peptides, all of which are commonly used in beauty products and proven to be beneficial for the skin. Translation…a bunch ...
Squalane — originally obtained from shark livers, the fish-friendly alternative is squalane made from olives. Highly refined squalane is a true antioxidant, prevents sun UV damage and age spots from forming, promotes cell growth and is also an antibacterial. An excellent moisturizer and lubricant...
Sodium PCA — the sodium salt form of PCA is an important skin-identical ingredient and great natural moisturizer that helps the skin hold onto water and stay nicely hydrated. PCA stands for Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid and can be found naturally in our skin.
Sodium Hyaluronate (See Hyaluronic Acid) — the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid and is the most commonly used form. Used as a humectant to increase moisture in the skin; is capable of binding 1,800 times its own weight in water.
Shea Butter — Beware of breakouts! If you have acne prone skin, shea butter could cause breakouts. While some shea butter brands claim the ingredient is noncomedogenic (meaning it doesn’t clog pores), there are no studies that support this. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, shea b...