Pomegranate Seed Oil — Hydrating, moisturizing and powerfully antioxidant, pomegranate seed oil also contains a magical rare form of conjugated linolenic fatty acid (an omega 5 fatty acid) – known as Punicic acid. Punicic acid reduces skin inflammation, and aids in skin repair. It also helps th...
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Want to know more about the details in the chemistry of skin care?
Here you can look up any topic - sorted alphabetically - and read more about what each ingredient includes and does for your skin.
Petrolatum (petroleum jelly; Vaseline) — very comedogenic! AVOID if prone to acne! Otherwise, softens and smooths the skin. It forms a film on the skin’s surface, preventing moisture loss caused by evaporation, and protecting against irritation. Its disadvantage lies in the difficulty of effec...
Peptides — short polymers formed by linking amino acids. When such an amino acid chain is small, the molecule is called a peptide. When it is larger, it is called a polypeptide. Proteins are polypeptide molecules. While proteins cannot penetrate the skin, smaller peptides can be absorbed. The abi...
pH — the 'potential of hydrogen' or 'power of hydrogen'. The pH scale is a the numerical scale that measures acidity and alkalinity, ranging from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic). A pH of 7.0 is considered neutral. The importance of a product’s pH is based on its correlation to the skin’s pH. ...
Panthenol (pro-vitamin B5) — (See Vitamin B) acts as a penetrating moisturizer. Studies indicate that when topically applied, panthenol penetrates the skin and gets converted into pantothenic acid, a B complex vitamin. It imparts a non-irritating, non-sensitizing, moisturizing, and conditioning f...
Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38 — (known as Peptide 38, trade-named Matrixyl™ Synthe’6)
Powerful anti–wrinkle peptide produced from derivatives of the amino acids lysine and methione sulfone (the latter is synthetic), a matrikine-mimetic compound that regulates cell activity, wound repair and collagen ...
Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 — (fragment of immunoglobulin G) peptide complex used in anti-aging products for its ability to help improve the skin’s visible elasticity, firmness and softness. This peptide is believed to stimulate the regeneration of collagen in the dermis and improve the epidermal ba...
Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5 — a relatively new addition to the list of peptides that are used in skincare (since 2012). Tripeptide-5 is produced synthetically from 3 chains of amino acids linked together with fatty acids with a unique sequence to mimic the human body’s own mechanism to produce collag...
Developed in 1994. By 2011, "Palmitoyl Oligopeptide" was the most used peptide in cosmetic products. In 2013, the name was "used to designate two distinct molecules" and those compounds were renamed as:
Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 (Pal-GHK) and
Palmitoyl Hexapaptide-12 (Pal-KTTKS).
Both act by sti...
Phytol is derived from moss, and the ingredient improves molecular traffic into and out of the nucleus in aged cells. It helps the skin to quickly adapt to environmental changes. It significantly improves skin moisture, even in stressful conditions, strengthens skin resilience against urban aggr...
Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in Japanese Knotweed and the skin of red grapes, is a very effective anti-oxidant with 95% efficiency in preventing lipid peroxidation as compared with 37% for Vitamin C or 65% for Vitamin E. Resveratrol is effective against photoaging due to its anti-oxidant prop...
Rosacea — a complex and chronic inflammatory skin condition, typically affecting the skin on the cheeks, forehead, and nose. Symptoms can include diffuse redness, flushing, skin thickening, pimples, papules and pustules, irritated and rough skin. The cause of rosacea is unknown but is likely mult...