Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) — (See also vitamin B) a potent cell-communicating ingredient that offers multiple benefits for aging skin. It repairs damaged skin cells and eliminates skin cells with damaged DNA so they cannot reproduce. It stops cells that produce pigment from transferring that pigmen...
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Want to know more about the details in the chemistry of skin care?
Here you can look up any topic - sorted alphabetically - and read more about what each ingredient includes and does for your skin.
Octocrylene is a chemical sunscreen ingredient that, once absorbed into the skin, captures harmful UV rays before they can cause damage to the underlying skin cells. Octocrylene mostly offers protection against the shorter UVB rays (those responsible for burning) and not as much against the lon...
Oxygen — Skin needs oxygen and oxygen plays an important role in maintaining the appearance of healthy skin. Cutagenix topical hyperbaric oxygen (O2) emulsion creams can be used after procedures such as laser skin resurfacing, face lifts, chemical peels, and microdermabrasion to increase oxygen f...
Oligopeptide-34 — a synthetically manufactured peptide containing 13 amino acids (including arginine). Oligopeptide-34 decreases melanin synthesis and tyrosinase enzyme activity in melanocytes, decreasing the transfer of melanosomes to new keratinoycte cells.
Oligopeptide-34 is the most effect...
Oligopeptide-51 is a rare cosmetic ingredient. It is a synthetic peptide containing 11 amino acids consisting of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, leucine, serine, threonine, and tyrosine.
It is a brightening pigment blocking peptide.
Pentapeptide-34 Trifluoroacetate (Peptide Q10) is an anti-aging peptide inspired by the antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10 to help increase the endogenous production of Coenzyme Q10, It helps diminish the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines by enhancing the skin’s ability to combat free ra...
Propylene glycol works as a humectant and a conditioner. It helps you achieve two things you really want for your skin: Hydration and smoothness. It can be an especially helpful ingredient if you're constantly battling dryness, flaking, or rough texture.
Saturated Phosphatidylcholine (PC-H) - (pronounced Foss-Fat-Tidel-Co-Lean)
PC-H acts as a delivery mechanism for active ingredients to reach the deeper layers of the skin and also provides the following benefits:
It aids in skin regeneration
Supports the barrier function of the skin
It ...
Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 was developed by the corporations Sederma SA and Proctor & Gamble and originally named Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-3, but later renamed to Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 to reflect a correction in the data on its molecular structure, according to research. It is also included in...
ProXylane® - hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol
ProXylane® is an ingredient originally developed by Lancome in 2006. It is now exclusive to L’Oreal. According to research, it is a sugar-protein hybrid made from xylose, a sugar found abundantly in beech trees and known to stimulate the pro...
Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, also known as palmitoyl oligopeptide (trade-named Matrixyl™ 3000 - yes, these names get confusing!) is a synthetic fatty acid-linked peptide that can help repair visible skin damage and strengthen skin’s underlying supportive elements.
It’s categorized as a messenger ...
Polyphenols are a large group of about 4,000 naturally occurring antioxidant plant products found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, flowers, bark and seeds, etc. Some well-known polyphenols include: green tea, pomegranate fruit extract, grape seed proanthocyanidins, resveratrol, silymarin, genistei...