Hyaluronic acid — A glycosaminoglycan component, Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a naturally occurring substance (in the dermis) and is found throughout the body. It plays an important role in tissue hydration, lubrication, cellular function, and the distribution of nutrients. Its water-absorption abilit...
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Want to know more about the details in the chemistry of skin care?
Here you can look up any topic - sorted alphabetically - and read more about what each ingredient includes and does for your skin.
Hinokitiol — (Beta-Thujaplicin), is an organic compound extracted from the oils of the western red cedar tree. It was discovered in the 1930s by First Nations people, and used for medicinal purposes. Hinokitiol is a superpower ingredient that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, ant...
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Human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) is an antimicrobial peptide that displays a key role in skin immunity and wound healing. The potent antimicrobial activity of hBD-3 together with its wound closure-promoting activities suggests that hBD-3 may ...
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) — An anti-inflammatory cytokine that is responsible for controlling the over expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines seen in abundance within acneic skin.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) — (see also sh-Oligopeptide-2 or rh-Oligopeptide-2) may play an important role in prevention of facial aging. Because it is the primary growth factor in the ability of cells to grow and reproduce, it may be the most valuable for its anti-aging and regenerative...
Idebenone — A synthetic antioxidant similar to coenzyme Q10, with a smaller molecular structure, which allows it to penetrate the skin and apparently the cellular membrane. Clinical studies demonstrate a visible improvement in photodamaged skin, reduced skin roughness and dryness, decreased fine ...
Jojoba — a liquid wax which is commonly referred to as an oil. Jojoba's chemical composition is very close to sebum, a natural fluid produced by human skin and a natural protective barrier. It also aids in regulating moisture by reducing trans-epidermal water loss. It contains a significant amoun...
Kakadu plum is a native Australian fruit and a potent source of vitamin C, which is key to reducing the visible signs of aging.
Containing gallic acid, which is a phenolic acid that works as an antioxidant, Kakadu plum protects against free radical damage caused by the sun, pollution and environm...
Kakadu Plum — very high in Vitamin C & powerful protective antioxidants and also has extraordinary amounts of immune defense gallic & ellagic acids.
Linoleic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid, and a form of Vitamin F. It is an essential building block that contributes to the formation of ceramides, one of skin's main moisturizing elements and essential for the structure of the epidermal barrier. Linoleic acid helps makes the skin's barrier str...
Lipids — refers to fat or fat-like substances (oils, waxes), and encompasses diverse compounds, including triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols such as cholesterol. Lipids are an important element for the corneum layer’s healthy structure and function. They account for a significant volume of...