A-Z

Urea — regarded as a “true” moisturizer rather than a humectant because it attracts and retains moisture in the corneum layer. It facilitates the natural exfoliation of keratinocytes given its ability to dissolve intercellular cement in the corneum layer. Through its anti-microbial properties that inhibit the growth of micro-organisms in a product, urea can also be part of a larger preservative system. This ingredient’s buffering action is attributed to its ability to regulate the hydrolipid mantle. In addition, urea is found to enhance the penetration and absorption of other active ingredients, relieve itchiness, and help leave the skin feeling soft...

Ubiquinone — also known as coenzyme Q10 it is a powerful antioxidant that is naturally found in the cells. It acts as a free radical neutralizer.

Vitamin K — It is being incorporated into cosmetic preparations, particularly those used for treating dark circles. It could also be used in acne products. There are studies underway on its efficacy for the treatment of small facial capillaries; however, no topical skincare cream can improve the appearance of broken capillaries (telangiectasia) on the face. To be removed, they generally need to be treated with a vascular laser.

Vitamin E acetate (tocopherol acetate) — an anti-oxidant with skin moisturizing activity. Given its free-radical scavenging properties, it is useful in UV protective products. Vitamin E acetate is commonly used to replace vitamin E because it is more stable and is converted to vitamin E by the body.